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Showing posts with label Serbian verbs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Serbian verbs. Show all posts

Sunday, December 13, 2020

Serbian 302 - Serbian Lexicology, Who Recovered?

Serbian 302 - Serbian Lexicology 

One of the very productive prefixes to form a verb out of an adjective is the prefix O-. If you know the meaning of the following adjectives, you'll surely know how to make verbs out of them and expand your vocabulary in an easy way:

  • ZDRAV
  • GLADAN
  • PAMETAN
  • BOGAT
  • ŽENJEN
  • SLOBODAN

  • Serbian 302 - Who Recovered?

    Before checking the meaning of the words, can you simply add an O in front of each adjective. To make it a verb you also need to add the -O suffix (for Masc. form of the verb in the past tense).  
    For example:  OZDRAVIO 
     
    1. Ko je OzdraviO? 

    I googled the following stories:
    1. Ozdravio Frančesko Toti 
    2. Ozdravio Čeda

    Serbian Lexicology - Verb Formation

    Now, let's do the same thing for each of these newly created verbs:
  • GLADAN - ogladneo
  • PAMETAN - opametio
  • BOGAT - obogatio
  • ŽENJEN - oženio 
  • SLOBODAN - oslobodio

  • After googling them, answer the following questions:
      2. Ko je OgladneO?
        3. Ko se _pameti__?
          5. Ko se _bogati_?
            6. Ko se  _ženi_?
              7. Ko je _slobodi_ ? 

              Practicing Serbian Lexicology


              Tuesday, October 27, 2020

              Serbian A1-A2, Who am I?

              Serbian A1-A2, Who am I?  


              A super duper easy exercise to practice Serbian. Try to solve the following puzzle and then guess who the celebrity is. 


              Serbian a1- a2 - Vežba

              Useful vocabulary to do this exercise:

              1. biti = to be: sam - si - je - smo - ste - su
              2. doručkovati = to have breakfast: doručkujem - doručkuješ - doručkuje - doručkujemo - doručkujete - doručkuju
              3. ručati = to have dinner: ručam - ručaš - ruča - ručamo - ručate - ručaju 
              4. živeti = to live: živim - živiš - živi - živimo - živite - žive
              5. imati = to have: imam - imaš - ima - imamo - imate - imaju 
              6. nositi = to wear: nosim - nosiš - nosi - nosimo - nosite - nose
              7. zvati se = to be called: zovem - zoveš - zove - zovemo - zovete - zovu 
              I am sure you did this exercise really well. Now, if you have an idea who the celebrity is, post your ideas in the comments :) Hvala!

              Tuesday, January 10, 2017

              Practising Phrases in Serbian - I need

              If you were happy with my short video lesson about the very simple form of the phrase "I need somethingyesterday, I am sure you are now ready for a few exercises. Let me start with the easier ones and then I'll add some for more advanced students:

              • For Beginners: Practising only "Treba mi +  different international words"

              • For Intermediate students: Practising "Treba + mi/  ti / Vam / mu / joj / nam / im + international words"
              d. Test



              • For Advanced students: Practising the past tense form "I needed + something", which is more complicated because here the past tense form of the word has to agree with the direct object (something): "TrebalE su mi jabukE // TrebalI su joj prijateljI // TrebalA nam je vodA" (+ word order with 3rd person Sg of the direct object).


              Monday, January 09, 2017

              Most Frequent Phrases in Serbian - I Need

              I need = Treba mi


              I guess one of the most needed verbs in a language must be the verb to need = trebati :) It is a really handy word in Serbian, because of the two following reasons:

              Firstly, this verb doesn't conjugate, because in its simplest meaning "I need (something)" we actually use "Treba mi" where "mi" means "to me". If you want to say "You need", it will be "Treba Vam" (formal version) or "Treba ti" (informal version). Therefore, you'll simply change the pronoun as follows:

              • TREBA mi hamburger
              • TREBA ti pica 
              • TREBA mu vino (to him / it = mu)
              • TREBA joj muzika (to her = joj)
              • TREBA  nam restoran (to us =nam)
              • TREBA vam /Vam burek (to you - You = vam/Vam)
              • TREBA im mleko (to them = im)


              Secondly, because in Serbian this phrase sounds like the passive in deep structure, the noun always takes a subject case, which is Nominative. (A hamburger is needed to/by me = Treba mi hamburger). Therefore, you don't need to change its form, i.e. no declension :) Lovely! Take a look at the previous examples and the words which follow "Treba ... " phrase. No cases, at all:


              1. hamburger - a hamburger
              2. pica - a pizza
              3. vino - a wine
              4. muzika - music
              5. restoran - a restaurant
              6. burek - burek (a special kind of pie)
              7. mleko - milk
              Now, let's practice the pronunciation of this useful phrase together:



              1. Šta ti treba? = What do you need?
              2. Šta Vam treba? = What do You need? (formal one)
              3. Treba mi = I need
              4. Ne treba mi = I don't need


              Tomorrow, we'll be doing some exercises connected with this video lesson and recording our own XO game :D



              Monday, March 02, 2015

              Serbian Verbs - Short Story 1

              Serbian Verbs in Short Stories

              Recently I have considered* a list of the most frequently used Serbian verbs and I decided to write short stories and dialogues based on them. In* the first ten often used verbs, the following four are in this story:
              • biti
              • imati
              • jesti
              • videti
              I also added the verb "voleti" in this group, which is actually at 31st position according to its frequency, but I hope you won't mind!
              Can you translate this dialogue into your mother tongue? I will translate it into English and this will help you to check your own translation. If you happen to have time, do send it (via comment maybe?), because it will help other students all over the world in the future!

              *Sorry for the clumsy translation, I was trying to stick to the Serbian original text which can be found here.

              Dialogues in English and Serbian

              Sunday, February 09, 2014

              How to Use to Use in Serbian :)

              One of the ways to express that you "use" something or something is "useful" in Serbian is to learn all the speech parts of the verb #koristiti, which is connected with our previous post with Present Simple conjugations.

              If you use it as a verb: KORISTITI, možete ga koristiti kroz različita vremena i oblike:
              • Present Simple conjugations: koristim- koristiš- koristi // koristimo-koristite-koriste (For example: Koji program koristiš za obradu slika? Koristim "Paint", ali mi se ne sviđa. Da li si video Miletove fotografije? On sigurno koristi nešto drugo!)
              • Radni glagolski pridev - the form used in Past Simple: koristio-koristila-koristilo//koristili-koristile-koristila (e.g. Ma i Mile je koristio "Paint", ali je išao na neki kurs gde su svi koristili "Korel", pa je i on naučio da radi u njemu... a i ja sa njim, tako da sada koristimo isti program.)
              • Trpni glagolski pridev - the form which equals the Past Participle in English, used either in the Passive or as an adjective: korišćen-korišćena-korišćeno//korišćeni-korišćene-korišćena (e.g. Šta je korišćeno pri izradi? ) as well as korišten-korištena-korišteno//korišteni-korištene-korištena
              • Always check this great Logos Conjugator when searching for Serbian verb conjugations!
              If you use it as an adjective: KORIStAN. Here are a few examples
              • Ovaj savet je koristan = The advice is very useful.
              • Čuo sam veoma korisnu priču = I heard a very useful story:


              If you use it as a noun: KORIST = benefit, or KORIŠĆENJE (upotreba) = use.

              Here comes a list of clever thoughts (mudre misli) with this noun - check the link. Meni je najkorisnija i najzabavnija bila ova: (To me the most useful and funniest was this one)
              Čovjeku koji je intelektualno viši od drugih, samoća pruža dvogubu korist; prvu, što je sam, i drugu, što nije s drugima :)))) 
              Here are a few interesting common phrases and idioms with koristiti & korist:
              • Gde se dvojica svađaju, treći se koristi (verb=glagol) = two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it (similar to "zavadi pa vladaj" = divide and rule, which is more often used)
              • Izvući korist iz nečega =  to turn sometning to good account (Moj prijatelj iz svake situacije izvuče korist )
              • Raditi u korist nečega =in favour of someone, to someone's benefit/advantage (Sud je doneo presudu u našu korist) 
              For more similar posts, check out the "Serbian Collocations" tag

              Wednesday, December 18, 2013

              Let's Practice Serbian Cyrillic Script - Answer to Part 2

              Thursday, October 03, 2013

              What does Verb "Nositi" Mean in Serbian ?

              The verb "nositi" in Serbian has many different translations into English :
              • nositi odeću = to wear clothes
              • nositi  torbu   = to carry a bag
              • nositi dete   = to bear a child
              • nositi se sa problemima = to cope with problems
              So, while in English there's a multitude of different words representing only one word in Serbian, there's this very productive prefixation system in our language which will make things complicated. But don't worry ! If you start learning the approximate meanings of Serbian suffixes and prefixes, you'll pretty soon be able to infer the meaning from the context, if you know what the basic stem word means. Let me give you an example with the stem " nositi ", as explained above :
              • pre- = over/ across 
              1. prenositi = to carry over, 
              2. preneti dete = to bear a child longer than it is due, 
              3. preneti dete preko bare = to carry a child over a puddle
              • iz- = out of /thoroughly 
              1. izneti torbu = to carry out a bag, 
              2. iznositi odeću = to wear some clothes for years, 
              3. iznošena odeća = worn out clothes
              • u- = into 
              1. uneti torbu u kuću = to bring a bag into a house
              • s- = downward movement /  it also adds perfective aspect (sth. is finished) 
              1. snositi posledice = to bear the consequences
              2. snositi troškove školovanja = to bear the cost of tuition fees (for example)
              • pod - = to 
              1. podnositi buku = to bear the noise (Kako možeš da podneseš ovu užasnu buku = How can you bear this awful noise ?)
              2. podneti ostavku = to submit a resignation
              3. podneti poraz = to accept a defeat
              4. podnositi ( vreme / pritisak...) = to withstand (weather conditions / pressure)
              • od- = signifies the movement from/ out of or in the opposite direction
              1. odneti = to take sth.to (we took the clothes to them = odneli smo im odeću)
              In the next post I'll list a few idioms with the verb "nositi". Watch this space!
              If you like this type of blog posts, make sure you don't miss the previous ones covering the verbs:
              For those of you who are still coping with the basics, here's a simple video with which you can drill present and past simple, saying sentences such as:
              • On nosi ... / ona nosi ... / ono nosi ...
              or in the past
              • On je nosio ... / ona je nosila / ono je nosilo ... or
              • Nosio je... / nosila je ... / nosilo je ... (which is more common and neutral word order)
              Here comes the video :

              Tuesday, September 24, 2013

              Learn about Serbian Verbs with Children's Songs

              Another great song which all the devojčice i dečaci sing is "Ivin voz" by Dragan Laković . It's also perfect to introduce a complex lexical system of the Serbian verb (which mirrors English phrasal verbs as well as perfectve /imperfective aspects ) :



              The Cyrillic script version:
              Ћиху, Ћиху, ћиху-ху...

              Из куће је излетео на улицу Ива
              сав задихан захуктао к'о локомотива.

              Видели га другови, па за њим и они
              потрчали, захуктали к'о прави вагони.

              Ћиху, Ћиху, ћиху-ху...

              Сад улицом тако јури та чудна колона
              то воз Ивин путује са седам вагона.

              The Latin script version:
              Ćihu, Ćihu, ćihu-hu...

              Iz kuće je izleteo na ulicu Iva
              sav zadihan zahuktao k'o lokomotiva.

              Videli ga drugovi, pa za njim i oni
              potrčali, zahuktali k'o pravi vagoni.

              Ćihu, Ćihu, ćihu-hu...

              Sad ulicom tako juri ta čudna kolona
              to voz Ivin putuje sa sedam vagona.



              Interesting verb lexicology:

              • leteti = to fly, IZleteti = to fly out of 
              • huktati = to make a sound like a to train (figuratively: to complain) , ZAhuktati se  = to gather speed (for a train, or when doing something)
              • trčati = to run, POtrčati = to start running
              An exercise covering this topic can be found on this SerbianLesson.com page.


              Advanced Serbian - Srpski kao drugi jezik

              Gde je ključ? Где је кључ? - Učimo srpski sa Marinom
              Gde je ključ? ...
              Where is the Key?-...
              By Marina Petrović
              Photo book